8.6 Tính từ được dùng như danh từ (Adjectives used as nouns)

Lý thuyết108 bài tập

Một số tính từ có thể được dùng với the để nói về một nhóm người trong xã hội, nhất là những nhóm người có tình trạng thể lực hoặc hoàn cảnh xã hội đặc biệt.

Ex:

  • the blind (những người mù)
  • the poor (những người nghèo)
  • the old (những người già)
  • the deaf (những người điếc)
  • the disabled (những người tàn tật)
  • the sick (những người bệnh)
  • the under-fives (những đứa trẻ dưới 5 tuổi)
  • the unemployed (những người thất nghiệp)

Ex:

  • The gap between the rich and the poor is on the increase. (Khoảng cách giữa người giàu và người nghèo ngày càng tăng.)
  • The young are usually keen to travel. (Thanh niên thường thích đi du lịch.)
  • Các cụm từ này có nghĩa số nhiều (the unemployed = all unemployed people) nên đi với động từ và đại từ số nhiều.

Ex:

    • The unemployed are losing their hope. (Những người thất nghiệp đang mất dần hy vọng.)
  • Một số tính từ chỉ quốc tịch tận cùng bằng -sh hoặc -ch được dùng sau the mà không có danh từ, gồm Irish, Welsh, English, British, Spanish, Dutch, French. Các cụm từ này cũng có nghĩa số nhiều nên đi với động từ và đại từ số nhiều.

Ex:

    • The Irish are very proud of their sense of humour. (Người Ai-len rất tự hào về khiếu hài hước của họ.)
  • The + adjective đôi khi được dùng để đề cập đến những khái niệm trừu tượng.

Ex:

    • the good (cái thiện)
    • the beautiful (cái đẹp)
    • the evil (cái ác)
    • the supernatural (hiện tượng siêu nhiên)
    • He is a lover of the beautiful. (Ông ta là người yêu cái đẹp.)
    • Are you interested in the supernatural? (Anh có quan tâm đến hiện tượng siêu nhiên không?)
  • The + tính từ (the + adjective) chỉ được dùng để nói đến một nhóm người với nghĩa tổng quát. Nếu chúng ta muốn đề cập đến một nhóm người cụ thể nào đó, ta phải dùng thêm danh từ (people, person, man, woman,...)

Ex:

    • The young are usually keen to travel. (Thanh niên thường thích đi du lịch.)
    • None of the young people in the village can find jobs here. (Không một thanh niên nào trong làng tìm được việc làm ở đây.)
  • Trong một số cụm từ cố định có tính trang trọng, the + adjective có thể có nghĩa số ít. Các cụm từ này gồm the accused, the undersigned, the deceased, the formerthe latter.

Ex:

    • The accused was released on bail. (Bị cáo đã được tại ngoại.)
    • He presented two solutions. The latter seems much better. (Anh ta đưa ra hai phương án giải quyết. Phương án sau có vẻ tốt hơn.)
  • Không dùng số hữu cách 's với các cụm từ này.

Ex:

    • the problems of the poor OR poor people's problems [NOT the poor's problems]
  • Đôi khi chúng ta có thể dùng tính từ không có the sau các lượng từ như manymore, trong cấu trúc cặp đôi andor và sau số hữu cách.
  1. Do you easily get embarrassed?
  2. I had never expected to get the job. I was really amazed when I was offered it.
  3. She has really learned very fast. She has made astonishing progress.
  4. I didn't find the situation funny. I was not amused.
  5. It was a really terrifying experience. Afterwards everybody was very shocked.
  6. Why do you always look so bored? Is your life really so boring?
  7. He's one of the most boring people I've ever met. He never stops talking and he never says anything interesting.
  8. The two-hour delay was annoying.
  9. This weather makes me so depressing.
  10. Going for a jog with Matthew is exhausting.
  11. This computer has some very confusing instructions.
  12. When I got onto the roof, I felt frightened.
  13. The journey took all day and night. They found it very tiring.
  14. I thought the program on wildlife was fascinating.
  15. The children always get excited when the Granny comes.
  16. What thrilling news this is! Congratulations!
  17. I must say it made me puzzled. I just don't understand.

Bài tập

Đã làm 0/108 câu

8.7 Bài Tập 29

1

He works very hard. It's not ________ that he's always tired.

2

The teacher's explanation was ________. Most of the students didn't understand it.

3

I seldom visit art galleries. I'm not particularly ________ in art.

4

The lecture was ________. I fell asleep.

5

Liz is always late. I'll be ________ if she gets here on time.

6

I've been working very hard all day and now I'm ________.

7

I'm starting a new job next week. I'm quite ________ about it.

8

Tom is very good at telling funny stories. He can be very ________.

9

There is no need to get ________ just because I'm a few minutes late.

10

Liz is a very ________ person. She knows a lot, she's traveled a lot and she's done lots of different things.

8.8 Bài Tập 30

11

That was an (1) ________ (excite) film, wasn’t it?

12

Oh, do you think so? I’m (2) ________ (surprise) you liked it.

13

I thought it was rather (3) ________ (disappoint)

14

Well, I was (4) ________ (puzzle) once or twice. I didn’t understand the whole story.

15

It was (5) ________ (confuse) in places. But the end was good.

16

I was (6) ________ (bore) most of the time.

17

I didn’t find it very (7) ________ (interest).

8.9 Bài Tập 31

18

A: I’m not very fit. I was pretty _tired_ after climbing the mountain. B: Yes, I think everyone felt ___________.

19

A: I think I need to relax. B: Well, lying by the pool should be ___________.

20

A: It was annoying to lose my ticket. B: You looked really ___________ when you had to buy another one.

21

A: The cabaret was amusing. B: Claire was certainly ___________. She couldn’t stop laughing.

22

A: The museum was _interesting_, wasn’t it? B: It was OK. I was quite ___________ in those old maps.

23

A: I’m fascinated by these old photos. B: I always find it ___________ to see what people looked like as children.

24

A: Was it a big thrill meeting Tom Hanks? B: You bet. It was just about the most ___________ moment of my life.

25

A: You look exhausted. You should go to bed. B: Driving down from Scotland was pretty ___________.

26

A: I think the way Jessica behaved was quite shocking. B: Yes, I was so ___________ that I couldn’t say a word.

8.10 Bài Tập 32

27

It's quite a long book. There are ____.

28

A few days ago I received a ____ letter.

29

I didn't have any change. I only had a ____ note.

30

At work in the morning I usually have a ____ break for coffee.

31

There are ____ in an hour.

32

It's only a ____ flight from London to Madrid.

33

It was a big meal. There were ____.

34

Mary has just started a new job. She's got a ____ contract.

35

The oldest building in the city is the ____ old castle.

36

I work ____ a week. Saturday and Sunday are free.

37

We went for a ____ walk in the country.

38

I teach English for two ____ girls.

8.13 Bài Tập 35

39

I can't eat this. I've just tried it and it ______.

40

I wasn't very well yesterday but I ______ today.

41

What beautiful flowers! They ______ too.

42

You ______. Have you been out in the rain?

43

As the film went on, it ______ more and more ______. Therefore I fell asleep during the film.

44

Jim was telling me about his new job. It ______ quite ______, much better than his old job.

45

Ann ______ this morning. Do you know what was wrong?

46

Why don't we go for dinner? I ______.

47

You ______! Are you all right?

48

The man ______ when the manager of the restaurant asked him to leave.

8.14 Bài Tập 36

49

Sam's new apartment is in a building which has twelve storeys. Sam's new apartment is in a ______.

50

We teach languages. We are ______.

51

My parents saw a play in three acts last night. My parents saw a ______ last night.

52

The manager said that the sale would last for two days. The manager said that it would be a ______.

53

Mark bought a tool set containing 79 pieces. Mark bought a ______.

54

I need two cans of tomatoes that weigh 16 ounces each. I need two ______.

55

I'm looking for a pressure cooker that holds six quarts. I'm looking for a __________.

56

He is a specialist at building houses made of bricks. He is a specialist at building __________.

57

Mrs Brown just bought her daughter a bicycle with ten speeds. Mrs Brown just bought her daughter a ____________.

8.15 Bài Tập 37

58

There were four books on the table. __________ book was a different colour.

59

__________ guest watched as the President came in.

60

There were cars parked along __________ side of the street.

61

My father plays tennis __________ Thursday evening.

62

I understood most of what they said but not __________ word.

63

__________ of the six flats has its own entrance.

64

We had a great weekend. I enjoyed __________ minute of it.

65

The book is divided into five parts and __________ of these has three sections.

66

Car seat belts save lives. __________ driver should wear one.

67

__________ day seemed to pass very slowly.

8.16 Bài Tập 38

68

I think __________ styles are rather old-fashioned.

69

__________ of them is really what I want.

70

I don’t like __________ of them, I’m afraid.

71

I feel more and more unsure with __________ new fabric I look at.

72

We haven’t have time to look at __________ fabric in the shop.

73

We’ve been in here a __________ hour already, you know.

8.17 Bài Tập 39

74

We didn’t spend __________ money on holiday.

75

Ron Mason owns a chain of supermarkets. He’s made __________ money.

76

I don’t know __________ people in this town.

77

We are having a big party. We’ve invited __________ friends.

78

I feel really tired. I haven’t got __________ energy.

79

There are no need to hurry. We’ve got __________ time.

80

She’s got too __________ relatives!

81

They’ve got so __________ money that they don’t know what to do with it.

82

Are there __________ opera houses in London? ~ Not __________, but there are theatres and cinemas.

83

Do you have __________ trouble with English? ~ I don't have __________ trouble speaking, but I have __________ difficulty writing.

8.18 Bài Tập 40

84

I can't lift this box on my own. I need __________ help.

85

Anne is very busy these days. She has __________ free time.

86

The postman doesn't often come here. We receive __________ letters.

87

Sandra is exhausted. She's having __________ days' holiday next week.

88

Trevor isn't finding it easy to fix the shelves. He's having __________ trouble.

89

I can speak __________ words of Swedish, but I'm not very fluent.

90

David quite likes golf, but he has __________ ability.

91

__________ tourists visited Northern Ireland in the 1980s because of the terrorism there.

92

Vicky has made __________ progress and so is feeling quite pleased.

93

We'd better hurry. Our bus goes in __________ minutes.

8.19 Bài Tập 41

94

Did you take __________ photographs when you were on holiday?

95

I'm not very busy today. I haven't got __________ to do.

96

The museum was very crowded. There were too __________ people.

97

The weather has been very dry recently. We've had __________ rain.

98

Listen carefully. I'm going to give you __________ advice.

99

Do you mind if I ask you __________ questions?

100

I need some money. Have you got any? ~ Yes, but not __________.

101

Would you like milk in your coffee? ~Yes, please. __________.

102

Have you ever been to Paris? ~Yes, I've been there __________ times.

103

Most of the town is modern. There are __________ old buildings.

104

The boys are making too __________ noise.

105

How __________ languages can you speak? And how __________ time do you spend on learning English?

106

There was __________ traffic, so the journey didn't take very long.

107

The island is very small and does not have __________ residents. The islanders do not have __________ money, and they have __________ contact with the outside world.

108

My home town is not a place attracting tourists. There are __________ shops, and there is __________ entertainment.